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Present Perfect:
In this section of the test, you may encounter questions that require constructing sentences using the present perfect tense or identifying the correct form of a present perfect sentence. The present perfect tense is used to describe actions that have occurred at an unspecified time before now or actions that started in the past and continue into the present.
Examples:
1. Constructing sentences:
- I have completed my homework.
- She has lived in Paris for five years.
- They have visited Rome twice this year.
2. Identifying correct forms:
- Which sentence is in the present perfect tense?
a) He eats breakfast every morning.
b) She has already eaten breakfast.
Present Perfect Continuous:
In this part of the test, you may need to construct sentences using the present perfect continuous tense or identify the correct form of a present perfect continuous sentence. The present perfect continuous tense is used to describe actions that started in the past and have just stopped, or actions that have been ongoing up to the present moment.
Examples:
1. Constructing sentences:
- I have been studying English for two hours.
- She has been waiting for the bus since 8 o'clock.
- They have been playing football all afternoon.
2. Identifying correct forms:
- Which sentence is in the present perfect continuous tense?
a) He played basketball yesterday.
b) She has been cooking dinner for an hour.
Past Simple:
This section may include questions about the past simple tense, such as selecting the correct past simple verb form for a given sentence or changing the tense of a verb in a sentence. The past simple tense is used to describe completed actions or events that occurred at a specific time in the past.
Examples:
1. Selecting correct verb forms:
- Choose the correct past simple form of the verb:
The cat (eat) all the food.
a) eated
b) ate
2. Changing verb tense:
- Change the verb tense from present to past simple:
She usually walks to school.
She walked to school yesterday.
Vocabulary:
This part of the test may involve matching words with definitions, selecting the correct synonym or antonym for a given word, or filling in the blank in a sentence with the correct vocabulary word.
Examples:
1. Matching words with definitions:
- Match the word with its definition:
Word: diligent
Definition: showing care and effort in one's work or duties
2. Selecting synonyms or antonyms:
- Choose the correct synonym for the word 'happy':
a) joyful
b) sad
Past Perfect:
This section might require constructing past perfect sentences or identifying the correct form of a past perfect sentence. The past perfect tense is used to indicate an action that happened before another action in the past.
Examples:
1. Constructing sentences:
- After I had finished my work, I went home.
- They had already eaten dinner when I arrived.
- She had studied French before moving to Paris.
2. Identifying correct forms:
- Which sentence is in the past perfect tense?
a) He is studying for his exam.
b) She had already studied for her exam before the test.
Reported Statements:
This part of the test could involve changing direct speech to reported speech or identifying the correct form of reported speech in a given sentence. Reported speech is used to convey what someone else has said without quoting them directly.
Examples:
1. Changing direct speech to reported speech:
- Direct speech: "I will come tomorrow," she said.
Reported speech: She said that she would come the next day.
2. Identifying correct forms:
- Which sentence correctly reports the statement?
a) She said, "I am happy."
b) She said that she was happy.
- Present Perfect
- Present Perfect Continuous
- Past Simple
- Vocabulary
- Past Perfect
- Reported statements